turbulence meaning
turbulence :
irregular air movement, conflict
noun
▪ The plane encountered turbulence during the flight.
▪ The plane had bumps because of rough air.
▪ There was turbulence in the meeting due to disagreements.
▪ The meeting was conflicted because people disagreed.
paraphrasing
▪ disturbance – irregular movement
▪ conflict – disagreement
▪ unrest – disorder
▪ volatility – instability
Pronunciation
turbulence [ˈtɜːrb.ju.ləns]
The stress is on the first syllable and it sounds like 'TUR-byu-lens'.
Common phrases and grammar about turbulence
turbulence - Common meaning
noun
irregular air movement, conflict
Part of Speech Changes for "turbulence"
▪ turbulent (adjective) – full of conflict or disorder
▪ turbulence-related (adjective) – related to irregular air movement or conflict
Common Expressions with "turbulence"
▪ severe turbulence – strong air movement causing bumps
▪ political turbulence – conflict or disorder in politics
▪ turbulence during flight – irregular air movement causing a rough ride
▪ economic turbulence – instability in the economy
Important examples of turbulence in TOEIC
Vocabulary examples from the TOEIC test
In TOEIC vocabulary questions, turbulence often refers to air movement affecting flights or conflict in situations.
Example of a confusing word: disturbance (interruption or disruption)
Grammar examples from the TOEIC test
Turbulence is used as a noun, often in contexts related to flight or conflict.
turbulence
Idioms and fixed expressions in TOEIC
flight turbulence
'irregular air movement', used when discussing flights
economic turbulence
means 'economic instability', used when discussing economy
Differences between similar words and turbulence
turbulence
,
chaos
differences
turbulence refers to irregular air movement or controlled conflict, while chaos refers to complete disorder.
turbulence
,
differences
turbulence means irregular movement or conflict, while conflict means a serious disagreement.
Words with the same origin as turbulence
The origin of turbulence
turbulence originates from the Latin 'turbulentus', meaning 'disorderly, rough'.
Word structure
It has the prefix 'turb-' (from 'turba', meaning disturbance), root '-ulent', and suffix '-ence', so turbulence means 'state of being disturbed'.
Words with the same origin
The root of turbulence is 'turba' (Latin for 'confusion'). Words with the same root include 'turbulent', 'perturb', 'turmoil'.
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