turnover meaning

turnover means 'the total sales or revenue of a company, or the rate at which employees leave and are replaced'.

turnover :

revenue, employee replacement

noun

▪ The company's turnover increased this year.

▪ The company's revenue increased this year.

▪ High turnover can indicate employee dissatisfaction.

▪ High employee replacement can indicate employee dissatisfaction.

paraphrasing

▪ sales – revenue

▪ attrition – employee replacement

▪ revenue – sales

▪ attrition – rate of employee leaving

turnover

Pronunciation

turnover [ˈtɜrnˌoʊvər]

The stress is on 'turn' and sounds like 'turn-oh-ver'.

Common phrases and grammar about turnover

turnover - Common meaning

noun
revenue, employee replacement

Part of Speech Changes for "turnover"

▪ turnover rate (noun) – rate at which employees leave and are replaced

▪ sales turnover (noun) – total sales revenue

▪ employee turnover (noun) – rate of employee replacement

▪ high turnover (adjective) – many employees leaving

Common Expressions with "turnover"

▪ high turnover – many employees leaving

▪ turnover rate – rate employees leave

▪ annual turnover – turnover per year

▪ sales turnover – total sales revenue

Important examples of turnover in TOEIC

Vocabulary examples from the TOEIC test

In TOEIC vocabulary questions, turnover can mean total sales or revenue, or the rate at which employees leave a company.

▪The company's turnover reached $2 million this year.
▪The company's sales reached $2 million this year.

Example of a confusing word: take over (to assume control)

▪The company's take over reached $2 million this year.
▪The company's acquisition reached $2 million this year.
"Turnover" refers to either the total sales or revenue generated by a company or the rate at which employees leave and are replaced. In the sentence, "The company's turnover reached $2 million this year," it correctly refers to sales or revenue. "Take over," however, means "to assume control" of something, such as a company, and is not used to describe sales or revenue figures. The sentence "The company's take over reached $2 million" is grammatically incorrect and changes the meaning entirely. Therefore, "turnover" is the correct choice.

Grammar examples from the TOEIC test

As a noun, turnover is used in subject or object positions requiring a noun.

▪The turnover this quarter was high.
▪The high turnover this quarter was a concern.

turnover

Idioms and fixed expressions in TOEIC

sales turnover

total sales revenue

▪The sales turnover increased by 10%.
▪The total sales revenue increased by 10%.

employee turnover

rate employees leave

▪High employee turnover can affect company performance.
▪High employee replacement can affect company performance.

Differences between similar words and turnover

turnover

,

revenue

differences

turnover can mean both total sales and employee replacement rate, while revenue only refers to sales income.

turnover
▪The company's turnover reached $2 million.
▪The company's revenue reached $2 million.
revenue
▪The strong revenue boosted the company's growth.
▪The strong turnover boosted the company’s growth.

turnover

,

sales – revenue

differences

turnover includes both employees leaving and being replaced, while attrition refers only to employees leaving.

turnover
▪The company has a high turnover rate.
▪The HR team is addressing the attrition issue.
sales – revenue
▪The HR team is addressing the turnover issue.
▪The HR team is addressing the attrition issue.

Words with the same origin as turnover

The origin of turnover

attrition

Word structure

turnover includes both employees leaving and being replaced, while attrition refers only to employees leaving.

Words with the same origin

The company has a high turnover rate.

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